Prejudice, Stereotype, and Discrimination

By : Rindy Agustiansyah

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We know that every people have different perspective about anything in this world, especially about the identity. Perspective Sundanesse people will be different with Javanisse people such as their gesture, ethnic, culture, and behaviour. However, it can make strength for a country that makes to become “rich”. There are some cases which make some differences among identity actually such as prejudice, stereotype, and discrimination.

Prejudice is like an opinion to something, without reasons from great resources which produce negative manifestations of integrative power (University of Colorado, 1998). It usually do in this real life that we can see based on some phenomenon’s contextually now, for example gossiping, mocking, and judging. I am as a Sundanesse person ever did it to Maduranesse people. I neither wanted to have relation with them, because judgemental in my mindset is to tight that Maduranesse people are cruel and unfeeling who hurt the people around them included me. On the other hand, I have changed that wrong principles since I have been staying in Jakarta. Some of Maduranesse people are not like my prejudice, even they are very religious. I have perceived about that from my lecturer and my neighbour.

Stereotype is generalizations about a group of people whereby we attribute a defined set of characteristics to this group. These classifications can be positive or negative, such as when various nationalities are stereotyped as friendly or unfriendly. It is easier to create stereotypes when there is a clearly visible and consistent attribute that can easily be recognized (Changing minds, 2002). This is one of the common issues which almost of people make stereotype about ethnic, culture, behaviour, and identity. Reflecting from my experience based on Sundanesse side that there are some stereotype for Javanisse people which have negative side such as they will come near to other people if they need, and then about positive side from Javanisse people that almost of them are workhorses. I can get that point based on my experience when I worked together with some of them.

Discrimination against persons, then, is necessarily oriented toward them based on their membership in a certain type of social group. But it is also necessary that the discriminatory conduct impose some kind of disadvantage or harm on the persons at whom it is directed (Stanford University, 2011). As we know that discrimination violate Human Right which is included in government policy, but some of the people did it. I have an example based on my experience that I discriminated my friend (call him D)  in senior high school because he comes from Ambon whose has dark skin.  As a common teenager, I imitated my friends to moke him “TOSHIBA”. It is acronym from TOS HIdeung BAu which means that D has dark skin and bad smell. Honestly, I have regreted after have been growing up because did it. I can assump now that discrimination is not important which only make the people have low self-esteem.

Resources :

Retrivied from http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/problem/prejdisc.htm at November, 02^nd 2011

Retrivied from http://changingminds.org/explanations/theories/stereotypes.htm at November, 02^nd 2011

Retrivied from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/discrimination/ at November, 02^nd 2011

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Technology to Teach Listening and Speaking

http://www.englishcentral.com/blog/2011/05/17/

 Wow!

Great!

Interesting1

Digital Teacher!

October 13^th, 2011

I have learned about how to teach listening for my students to be.  Actually, I am as a teacher should use natural approach to teach listening. What is natural approach? It means that we should teach them automatically without pressure. I have known that natural approach related with Krashen’s hypothesis, especially Krashen’s monitor hypothesis which explains about students will acquire second language subconsciously and they can make correction by listening before they produce second language itself. Traditionally, this approach can make students feel relax atmosphere. Then, according Krashen’s input hypothesis that students will acquire second language stage by stage (i+1). In addition, this is digital era which all of teachers can use technology to teach listening. It is amazing! (Hehehe ^_^ ) There are some webs that I can use for teaching and learning activities:

·         Interactive and Audio-Picture English Lesson

·         British Council – Learn English : Song Lyrics

·         Adult Learning Activities – California Distance Learning Project

I can choose one of webs above which appropriate to teach in my classroom to be. Actually, total physical response is acceptable method to teach listening which relate with natural approach. Mr.Teguh gave me some examples for the use computer in teaching listening skills with the total physical responses:

· TPR games

· Live action English Interactive

· Review of live Action Spanish Interactive

October 14^th, 2011

I have knownthat I can use technology for teach speaking skill. Examples:

·         http://kalinago.blogspot.com

·         http://international.ouc.bc.ca

·         http://schmooze.hunter.cuny.edu

·         www.voicetrhead.com

Actually, I like schmooze and voicetrhead which very interesting. I believe my students will enjoy acquire language with that technology. Yeach, that’s all about technology to teach listening and speaking skill.

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Types and Tools of CALL Activities

Retrivied from http://thecous.blogspot.com/ on October 12th 2011

I am as teacher candidate should remember about that “pedagogic first and technology second”. Computer is one of technology product which is used by teacher. As we know that computer cannot do the entire task as human. This statement is supported by Meskill (2002) in Davis’ journal that there is some activities which can or cannot be done by computer:

No	Computer can	Computer can’t
1	Judge predetermined right-or-wrong answers, e.g., multiple choice and fill-in-the-blanks	Judge unexpected input
2	Provide immediate, yet fixed, feedback, suggestions, and encouragement.	Provide individualized feedback beyond a predetermined list of messages.
3	Provide authentic information through multimedia - texts, images, sounds, videos, and animations.	Engage learner in rich negotiation of meaning characteristic of face-to-face interaction
4	Motivate task persistence •Record learner’s writing, speech, and learning progress	Motivate depth and quality of engagement characteristic of human interaction.

It means that computer is just a tutor and tool which is not perfect thing. In addition, I learned about CALL in the last session.  CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning) is a program which is used to teach language with technology (Ex: computer). There is some types of CALL activities that I have gotten from TLL (Technology Language Learning) subject which is multiple-choice & true/false quizzes, games, simulations, writing & word-processing.

Mr. Teguh is my TLL lecturer who gave me three example tools of CALL (Ex: mobile phone, PDA, and iPod). Those tools can be used in classroom for teaching and learning activity. The purpose is to make our students interested in learning. Then we can make a distance course with our students.

Resources:  Retrivied from http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CALL/unit1.htm#types at October 10^th 2011

Retrivied from Davies, G., Hewer, S., Rendall, H., & Walker, R. (2004). ICT4LT Module 1.4: Introduction to computer assisted language learning (CALL). http://www.ict4lt.org/en/en_mod1-4.htm at October 10^th 2011

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Why Rindy Agustiansyah?

Every people have a name and it has a meaning. Most of the name who given by the parents contain a pray. They want something best for their children, so they give the best name too. Rindy Agustiansyah, it is a name of a girl from Ciamis. She is a second child who was born from a mother whose name Suryati and a father whose name is Dede Hermansyah. In addition she is a sundanesse girl. Perhaps, some of people will confuse with the meaning of that name. Rindy? Agustiansyah? However it is has a good meaning.

Rindy’s name is a hopefully from her mother. In 1991 there was a popular shoes and sandal mark. It is very famous at that time. Traditionally, Rindy’s mother liked to wear it. On luckily, her second daughter was given name Rindy. She hopes, her second daughter can have a good future like a director from Rindi’s shoes and sandal industry. The next reason, Rindy has an old brother, his name is Randy. He is a handsome good smart boy. So, Rindy’s mother expects the second daughter has a good personality like her son, then she was just changing “a” into “i” for the name of her second daughter.

How about Agustiansyah?  Rindy was born on August, 19^th 1991, so her father gave that last name for his second daughter. Then the last part of Rindy’s name, “syah”, was brought from the last name of his father. Rindy has a sister and a brother, and both of their names were ended with “syah” and the name of month when they were born. Rindy never regrets with her name, because she knows that is the best for her. She always thinks that her name make her a lucky condition in her life. Sometime, she hear that some of people change their name because some bad reason, but Rindy proud with her name.

One day, Rindy’s mother followed a small club of saving or “arisan”. She registered with the name of Rindy. Then a month later after it, Rindy’s mother got a winner. So, Rindy more believe that her name is very good name. There is no one who can change her name anytime.

In addition, for the last in this session, there is some suggestion. First, you should give a best name for your children which has a good meaning. Second, the name which has given for your children should contain with pray. Third, you should receive our name sincerely. Last, you should not change your name anytime.

­­­­­Rindy Agustiansyah_2010120035_Section C 

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